![]() A significant survival benefit was demonstrated for the nivolumab + ipilimumab arm versus chemotherapy alone however the numerical OS rates were lower and there has been a cross-over of the survival curves after 6 months of treatment indicating rapid progressing patients under nivolumab + ipilimumab treatment (OS = 13.2 vs 10.7 months HR = 0.64 99.5% CI = 0.46–0.90 p = 0.001). This group had a highly statistically significant improvement in OS with nivolumab + chemotherapy treatment versus chemotherapy alone, 15.4 vs. The coprimary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with tumor cell PD-L1 expression (tumor proportion score, TPS) ≥ 1%. The CheckMate 648 study randomly assigned 970 patients with unresectable advanced, recurrent, or metastatic ESCC to the following arms : nivolumab 240 mg q2w+chemotherapy with fluorouracil (800 mg/m 2 daily, between days 1–5) and cisplatin (80 mg/m 2 at day 1) q4w nivolumab at 3 mg/kg q2w plus ipilimumab at 1 mg/kg q6w or chemotherapy alone (same schedule as first arm). This opened the door for various immunotherapy compounds in different settings of esophageal cancer. The first data of the Keynote-181 trial was presented in 2019, which changed, at least in the USA, the second-line treatment strategy of PD-L1-positive patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). This review summarizes the highlights regarding gastroesophageal tumors at the ASCO 2021 congress.įull size image Esophagus and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancerĮsophageal cancer (EC) has been one of the diseases in oncology where hardly any treatment advances had been made until 2019. Not only immunotherapy trials, but also targeted therapy studies such as the FIGHT trial investigating the anti-FGFR2b monoclonal antibody bemarituzumab attracted huge interest, not only due to extension of survival in experimental group, but also due to the innovative design of this trial. ![]() However, this effect seems to be dependent to PD-L1 expression. ![]() ![]() The updates on the CheckMate 649 and CheckMate 577 trials again underlined the significant clinical contribution of nivolumab in advanced and localized gastroesophageal cancer, respectively. For advanced squamous cell carcinoma, immunotherapy and chemotherapy combinations revealed by the CheckMate 648 and ESCORT-1st trials have been implemented into the clinical practice. Many immunotherapeutic agents were shown to be beneficial for upper gastrointestinal tumors. The oncological community witnessed several practice-changing clinical reports in this years’ annual congress of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). ![]()
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